Using Rare Earth Magnets In Medical Devices

　　Since ancient Greece and China first discovered magnetism and magnetism, this phenomenon has taken a place in a wide range of applications. Uses range from early use as a compass to help navigate unknown and unknown waters, to modern medicine in early cancer detection. This blog will describe a new medical application and then outline magnetic and rare earth magnets.

　　Preparation of tissue sample cultures using rare earth magnetism

　　In traditional culture preparation, tissue pieces are destroyed by mixing, mixing, emulsifying, dispersing or stirring tissue samples to achieve consistent composition and structure throughout the designated area.

　　Current homogenization processes or methods can be divided into three (3) main categories, ultrasonic, pressure, and mechanical. Machines mostly use high-speed rotating blades

　　We developed and constructed a prototype for homogenizing tissue samples (ie liver or brain) using rare earth magnets. Our prototype uses coated rare-earth magnetic beads to homogenize tissue samples, and sets chaotic motion by fluctuating the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets attached to the rotating disk.

　　With this application, we eliminate any possibility of cross-contamination, while significantly increasing the amount of samples that can be homogenized at the same time (up to 20 times).

　　What is magnetism?

　　Wikipedia defines magnetism as "a type of physical phenomenon mediated by a magnetic field. The electric current and magnetic moment of elementary particles generate a magnetic field, which acts on other electric currents and magnetic moments."

　　Charges in motion (such as electric currents) generate magnetic fields. This is one of the sources of magnetism.

　　Another source is the electronics itself. Electrons behave as if they are tiny magnets. Each electron in an atom behaves like a magnet in two ways, each of which has two magnetic dipole moments:

　　Spin-magnetic dipole moment-due to the "spinning" of electrons.

　　Orbital magnetic dipole moment-due to the "rotation" of electrons around the nucleus.

　　Materials can be classified as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic according to their response to an externally applied magnetic field.

　　Diamagnetism is the tendency of a material to be opposite to the applied magnetic field, so it will be repelled by the magnetic field (silver, lead, copper, water, diamond...).

　　Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism in which paramagnetic materials are only attracted when there is an external magnetic field (aluminum, platinum, magnesium, tungsten...).

　　The feature of ferromagnetism is the possible permanent magnetization, removed from the external magnetic field, they remain magnetized (iron, nickel, cobalt...).

　　Rare Earth Magnet

　　Rare earth elements (REE) are a group of 17 (metal) elements that appear in the periodic table of elements.

　　Rare earth elements have a partially occupied f electron shell (can hold up to 14 electrons). The spins of these electrons can be aligned to produce a very strong magnetic field. Therefore, these elements are used in compact high-strength magnets.

　　Rare earth elements are ferromagnetic metals, which means they can be magnetized like iron, but their Curie temperature (Tc), the temperature at which the material loses its magnetism, is lower than room temperature. However, they form compounds with metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, some of which have Tc much higher than room temperature.

　　The grade of a magnet or "N grade" refers to the maximum energy product of the material from which the magnet is made. It refers to the maximum strength at which a material can be magnetized. The grade of neodymium magnets is usually measured in units of million Gauss Oersteds (MGOe). Generally speaking, the higher the level, the stronger the magnet. The highest "N rating" is N52.